WHAT IS RAPPING, HIP HOP MUSIC?
HIP HOP MUSIC
Hip hop music is a style of popular music. It is composed of two main components: rapping (MC'ing) and DJing; along with breakdancing and graffiti, these are the four elements of hip hop, a cultural movement which began among African Americans and Puerto Ricans in New York City in the early 1970s. The terms rap and rap music are often used to describe hip hop music; the terms rap music and hip hop music are generally synonymous, although rap music is usually not used to describe hip hop songs without vocals.
Most typically, hip hop consists of one or more rappers who chant
semi-autobiographic tales, often relating to a fictionalized counterpart, in an
intensely rhythmic lyrical form, making abundant use of techniques like
assonance, alliteration, and rhyme. The rapper is accompanied by an instrumental
track, usually referred to as a "beat" because of the emphasis on rhythm,
performed by a DJ, a record producer, or one or more instrumentalists. This beat
is often created using a sample of the percussion break of another song, usually
a funk, rock, or soul recording. In addition to the beat, other sounds are often
sampled, synthesized, or performed. Sometimes, a track can be made up of just
the beat by itself, as a showcase of the skills of the DJ or producer.
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Hip hop arose in New York City when DJs began isolating the percussion break
from funk or disco songs. The role of the emcee (MC) arose to introduce the DJ
and the music, and to keep the audience excited. The MCs began by speaking
between songs, giving exhortations to dance, greetings to audience members,
jokes and anecdotes. Eventually, this practice came to be more stylized, and was
known as rapping. By 1979, hip hop had become a commercially recorded music
genre, and began to enter the American mainstream. It also began its spread
across the world. In the 1990s, a form called gangsta rap became a major part of
American music, causing significant controversy over lyrics which were perceived
as promoting violence, promiscuity, drug use and misogyny. Nevertheless, by the
beginning of the 2000s, hip hop was a staple of popular music charts and was
being performed in many styles across the world.
FREESTYLE RAP
Freestyle rap is, strictly speaking, rapping that is done in the moment at pure
free flow, with no previously composed lyrics, and reflecting a direct mapping
of the mental state and performing situation of the artist. It is similar in
this sense to improvisational music or acting.
Due to the improvised nature of freestyling, rules for meter and rhythm are
usually relaxed relative to conventional rap. Genuine ability to freestyle
completely improvised is very rare, however, and most artists keep to the spirit
of freestyle by basing their set on the situation and mental state, but have a
ready supply of prepared lyrics and rhyme patterns they can use as filler or
even around which they can build their set. This is similar to the way in which
instrumental improvisatory musicians have a mental database of licks, techniques
and melodies that they use to aid their improvisations. Often, freestyling is
done in a group setting (called a "cypher") or as part of a battle. In these
cases, freestyle verses are often prepared in the rapper's head as the other
rappers in the cypha or the opponent in the battle take their turn. Freestyling
is also often used by many rappers when beginning to write a song, in order to
get a feel for the beat and to brainstorm lyrical ideas.
Freestyles have been mostly an underground phenomenon since the early nineties,
partly due to rap lyrics becoming considerably more complex in terms of rhyme
scheme and meter. Furthermore, many rappers often deliver standalone written
verses on radio shows that are referred to or labelled on records or on
filesharing programs as freestyles, which has somewhat distorted the meaning of
the term. There is often confusion as to whether or not "freestyle verses" are
in fact freestyled, with many rappers' written lyrics being simple enough to
seem freestyled and many of the best freestylers' improvised lyrics being
complex and confident enough to seem written. In the early 21st century,
freestyling (particularly freestyle battling) experienced a resurgence in
popularity of sorts as successful freestyle battle competition TV shows were
shown by both BET and MTV, and Eminem's movie 8 Mile brought the excitement of
the freestyle battle to mainstream movie audiences
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